Butler Zoe¹, Simmons Micah², Foster Delilah³, Gonzales Levi⁴, Bryant Rose⁵, Alexander Roman⁶, Russell Eliza⁷
ABSTRACT:
Thrombosis remains a central mechanism in acute cardiovascular events, with coagulation and platelet activation playing pivotal roles. This review examines the diagnostic and prognostic value of emerging biomarkers including thrombin generation markers (TAT, F1+2), fibrinolytic markers (D-dimer, PAI-1), and platelet activation markers (soluble P-selectin, GPVI). We evaluate their performance in predicting arterial and venous thrombotic events, with particular focus on their utility in: (1) identifying high-risk patients despite optimal antithrombotic therapy, (2) guiding personalized antithrombotic strategies, and (3) monitoring treatment efficacy. Current challenges in assay standardization and clinical implementation are discussed, along with future directions in multi-marker panels and point-of-care testing technologies.