Green Ella¹, Adams Leo², Baker Scarlett³, Nelson Isaac⁴, Carter Layla⁵, Mitchell Logan⁶, Perez Zoe⁷, Roberts Aiden⁸
ABSTRACT:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally and have emerged as promising biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases. This review explores the role of circulating miRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and heart failure (HF). We discuss the biological functions of miRNAs, their release mechanisms into circulation, and their stability in biofluids. Clinical applications include early detection of acute myocardial infarction, risk stratification in chronic coronary syndromes, and prediction of HF progression. Technological advances in miRNA detection, challenges in standardization, and future directions for integrating miRNA panels into clinical practice are highlighted.