Neuroprotective Strategies in Alzheimer’s Disease A Mechanistic Review

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive decline in memory, cognition, and function due to the destruction of neurons and synapses in the brain. Despite significant advances in our understanding of AD’s pathophysiology, there are no effective cures for the disease, and current treatments primarily focus on symptom management. This review aims to explore neuroprotective strategies in AD, focusing on mechanistic insights into their potential effectiveness. The review includes a discussion of various pharmacological, non-pharmacological, and lifestyle interventions that are being investigated for their neuroprotective properties. It also examines the role of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and amyloid-beta (Aβ) toxicity in AD progression and how these mechanisms can be targeted by various strategies. The future direction of AD treatment lies in the identification of multi-targeted therapies that can address the complex pathophysiology of the disease.